北京高考阅读理解文章类型_北京高考阅读

1.就是2011高考英语北京卷的阅读D 求翻译,谢谢了 就是As the railroads and highwa

Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve’s new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn’t hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.

萨拉想和她的老朋友史蒂夫的新婚妻子贝蒂交朋友，但贝蒂似乎没什么表示。萨拉觉得贝蒂没有打断她的谈话时，贝蒂向史蒂夫抱怨说萨拉从来没有给过她说话的机会。这个问题与人们对节奏和停顿的期望有关。

Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there’s no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I’m finished or fail to take your turn when I’m finished. That’s what was happening with Betty and Sara.

谈话是一种轮流进行的游戏。当我们的习惯相似时，没有问题。但是如果我们的习惯不同，你可能在我说完之前就开始说，或者在我说完的时候你没有接上。贝蒂和莎拉就是这样。

It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.

这可能不是巧合，贝蒂是英国人，她期望在转换之间停顿长一点，而萨拉是美国人，她期望停顿短一点。贝蒂常常感到被萨拉打断，但是当她遇到来自芬兰的客人时，她自己成了打断别人的人，总是自己在说。萨拉在遇到来自拉美或以色列的发言者讲话时也很难插嘴。

The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping. And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.

通常就是这样，像节奏和停顿这样的谈话小技巧会让人们得出关于个性和能力的结论，而不是关于谈话风格。这些习惯性差异往往是危险的思维定式的基础，这些社会现象会产生非常私人的后果。例如，一位来自美国西南部的妇女到东部城市居住，从事人事工作。当人事部开会时，她会一直在寻找合适的时间插话——但始终没有找到。虽然在家乡她被认为是外向和自信，但在华盛顿她则被认为是害羞，不善与人交往。年底对她考评时，被告知要参加培训，因为她不会说话。

That’s why slight differences in conversational style --- tiny little things like microseconds of pause --- can have a great effect on one’s life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems --- even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.

这就是为什么谈话风格上的细微差别——像几微秒停顿这样的小事——会对一个人的生活产生巨大影响。案例的结果是对心理问题的判断——甚至在这位女士自己的头脑中，她真的很想知道她到底有什么问题，而去报名参加自信心培训。

就是2011高考英语北京卷的阅读D 求翻译,谢谢了 就是As the railroads and highwa

She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. "We’re moving house.” "No space for her any more with the baby coming." "We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present." People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

她出现在我康沃尔的家门口，我不能把她送走。不能，反正不能是我，也许昨晚有人把她从车里踢了出来。“我们要搬家“，“孩子要来，我们没地方养她了”，”我们从来没有真的想养她，但我们能做些什么呢？她是一份礼物“，人们为遗弃动物寻找各种各样的借口。她是我见过的最漂亮的狗之一。

I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen I would have given her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire.

我称她戈尔迪，如果我能知道会发生什么，我应该会给她起个更有创意的名字。头几天她心神不定，几乎什么也没吃，愁眉苦脸。看来我没办法让她高兴，天知道她在前主人家里发生了什么事。但终于在第一周结束时，她安静了下来。无论我们出去长距离散步还是坐在火炉旁，她都会一直在我身边。

That’s why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could.

这就是为什么有一天我们出去散步，她从我身边走开时，我感到非常震惊的原因。我们离家很远，这时她开始吠叫，变得非常不安。最后，我再也控制不住她了，她飞快地沿着公路朝远处的一个农舍跑去。

By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking the four puppies I started to feel sympathy towards them. "We didn’t know what had happened to her," said the woman at the door. "I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared." "She must have tried to come back to them and got lost," added a boy from behind her.

当我到达农场时，我对戈尔迪感到非常疲倦和不安。但是当我看到她在舔四只小狗时我开始同情他们了。”我们不知道她发生了什么事”，门口的女人说，“有一天，小狗刚出生不久，我带她去散步，她就不见了“。”她肯定是想回到他们身边，但是迷路了”，身后一个男孩补充道。

I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I’ve got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And I’ve learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.

我必须承认我确实想念戈尔迪，但我现在有了纳格，她长得和她妈妈一样。我也吸取到了一个很好的教训：不要评判别人。

在过去的一个世纪里，铁路和高速构造了美国西部，一个为了21世纪的发电和传输系统将会成为西部的长久的或好或坏的标志。铁路和高速最重要的并不是外观上的直接影响，而是它们如何影响其周围社会的方式。就像为了传输电能所部置下的大型太阳热装置以及电力线缆一样。

19世纪 政府拨予了铁路公司土地来建造横贯大陆的铁路，将公用土地留在了私有土地之间。在西部的大部分地区，这些铁路区域获得了发展而其他的地区则保持了未开发的状态。在这两种情形下，土地所有权都给土地管理带来了特有的挑战，随着州际间的建造高速公路竞赛的加剧，许多因为铁路而繁荣发展起来的小城镇又没落下去。

太阳能装置也会有这样远远超过其表面的深层次问题。但这就不是一个针对于修建的论述了，我们急需可替代能源，为了获得其优势我们需要更稳定的传输电力。

因此我们必须要牺牲一些东西来作为交换（也就是成本）。一些物种可能要被迫迁移，否则我们就要更改路线到一个特殊的地点，为了减少这种影响的花费是巨大的。

类似这样的牺牲还会有一些持久的影响，21世纪美国西部作为一个可替代能源发展的理想地区的发展将需要投入大量的人力物力来使人受益，但很有可能它有一天被遗弃而使得这些投入都成为浪费，并导致新的问题，就像铁路和高速一样。

我们留出了钱来协商这些成本，社会公共机构将会全力发展现有的能源装置以及输送系统。因此在我们修建新能源装置时也不要忘记曾经铁路和高速的建设所遗留下来的影响。

翻译这篇很不容易 能追加些分数么。

这个是 我很久之前 为另一个人翻译的。

原创 ：）