2019高考英语试卷北京卷答案及解析_2019高考英语北京卷答案

2018·全国Ⅰ卷

假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 到达时间；

2. 合适的礼物；

3. 餐桌礼仪。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

满分范文

Dear Terry,

How

are you doing? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to

a Chinese friend’s home. Now, I am writing to inform you of some

relevant details.

To begin with, according to our tradition, you

are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the family prepare

the dinner, which is meaningful and interesting. Besides, you’d better

bring some gifts, like a book or a Chinese knot. What’s more, when you

are enjoying the meal, you need to avoid making noises while chewing

food.

Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 全国Ⅱ卷

你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括：

1. 短片内容：学校的发展；

2. 放映时间、地点；

3. 欢迎对短片提出意见。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

满分范文

Notice

In

order to have a better understanding of our school, an outstanding

English short movie about our school will be shown in the library from

2:30 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th. It is organized by the

Student Union. Here are some relevant details about it.

To begin

with, the name of the movie is Growing Together, which is about the

development of our beloved school. As we all expect, it will be not only

meaningful but also interesting. What’s more, everyone of you will be

welcome to take part (participate) in it, enjoying the movie, having a

heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.

The Student UnionJune

2018 · 全国III卷

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：

1. 学校的体育场馆；

2. 主要的运动项目；

3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意：

1. 词数100左右：

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

满分范文

Dear Peter,

I

am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last

letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following

information may give you a rough sketch.

To begin with, a fabulous

new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our

school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports

events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as

running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I’m intoxicated

with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the

challenges in my life.

All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 北京卷 · 第一节

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：

1. 表示欢迎；

2. 推荐他上哪所大学；

3. 建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：1. 词数不少于50；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

满分范文

Dear Jim,

I’m

so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last

letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am

sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your

college in Beijing.

Learning your keen interest in Chinese

culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best

universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you

where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich

culture. As for preparation, some reading in advance in needed like The

Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be

helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.

I

sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s my pleasure to show

you around in Beijing when that day comes. If you have further

questions, please feel free to let me know.

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 北京卷 · 第二节

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

满分范文

Last

week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the

authentic tea culture, which turned out be to extremely rewarding.

On

arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were impressed by the

unique tea pots and tea cups. I gave them a vivid and informative

introduction of tea culture, including its profound history, its rich

variety, and the exquisite craftsmanship of making tea with their

interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.

In

order to deliver a clear presentation, I slowly explained the

traditional procedure of making tea in detail. Absorbed in every move of

mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique

culture and they couldn’t help taking pictures from time to time.

Next

came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves. Washing the

tea pots, adding tea leaves, and pouring water into the cups, they

followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea

culture. The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable time for all of us.

At

the end of the activity, holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a

picture to memorize the unforgettable day. It suddenly hit me that

traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.

And I swelled with pride to spread our own culture to people all over

the world.

2018·浙江卷·第一节 应用文写作

假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：

1. 口语能力：

2. 相关经验；

3. 应聘目的。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

满分范文

Dear Sir or Madam,

My name is Li Hua. And I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of our school English association.　　

I

have a good command of English and have been to the USA twice. So I can

communicate well with native speakers of English. What’s more, I am

kind and friendly to other people. So I can easily get along with

foreign students.

I’m particularly interested in this job because I

want to further improve my oral English capabilities and interpersonal

communication skills.

Hopefully I can receive your acceptance.

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

2018·浙江卷·第二节 读后续写

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.

We

took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We

reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend,

picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.

His

wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan

and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm

house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby.

Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. 'The

day starts at dawn on my farm,' he said. After breakfast, I went to

help Aunt Tina feed the chickens. while my dad went with Uncle Paul to

take the sheep out to graze(吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle

Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.

In the afternoon, I

asked Uncle Paul if I could take a hose ride, and he said yes, as long

as my dad went with me. I wasn’t going to take a horse ride by myself

anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses,

and headed slowly tow

ards

the mountains. 'Don’t be late for supper,' Uncle Paul cried, 'and keep

to the track so that you don’t get lost!' 'OK! ' my dad cried back.

After a while Uncle Paul and his fam house were out of sight. It was so

peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green

pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It

looked like a beautiful woven(编织的）blanket spread out upon the ground

just for us.

Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.

注意：

（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

（2）至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：

（3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

（4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph

1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Paragraph

2: We had no idea where we were and it was getting

dark._______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

满分范文

Paragraph 1

Suddenly

a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. Instinctively, I

yelled out loud, pulling back the reins hard in order to stop the horse

from hurting the little creature. Badly startled by the sudden incident,

the horse sped off the track into another direction. Dad followed

closely behind, calling out to tell me how to soothe the terrified horse

and I did as told. Finally, the horse calmed down, but we seemed to get

lost, unable to go back to the mountain road.

Paragraph 2

We

had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. Wandering around, we

were still stuck in the dilemma. Much to our delight, the sound of

water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the

riverbank. Dad proposed that we should walk along the river which may

lead us to the farm house and nothing seemed better than that. Time

appeared to be merrier and shorter when I stayed together with Dad and

before long, the farm house came into sight. What a thrilling but

memorable experience it was!

2018 · 天津卷

假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少学机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。

（1）比赛的时间、地点；

（2）邀请他的原因；

（3）训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。

注意：

（1）词数不少于100；

（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；

（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇

世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition

Dear Chris,

I have good news to tell you.

I’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

满分范文

Dear Chris,

I

have good news to tell you. Targeted at cultivating the teenagers’

interest in scientific exploration and encouraging more students to

throw themselves into research, a competition, titled the World

Adolescent Robotics Competition, will take place in the Children’s

palace Tianjin in the late July. The competition offers adolescents a

good chance to show their talents and initiative and learn from each

other meanwhile.

I am eager to invite you to join our team for

the upcoming event, in which you will demonstrate your ability and make

acquaintance of more friends with the same interest. As far as I know,

you have proved yourself by carrying off some prizes in the previous

competitions. Impressed by your teamwork spirit and talent in this

field, I am confident that you will love the challenge and our team. By

working in a group, we are able to overcome our weaknesses by acquiring

others' strong points as well as double our achievements.

If you

are interested in it, please let me know and I will deliver the training

program to your online mailbox. It would be fantastic if you could

bring up your advice, which is bound to be of great use for us. I’m

looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

2018 · 江苏卷

请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。

Li Jiang 6 July, Sunny

Our

family will go on a trip next month and need a suitcase. Two days ago,

Mom asked me to find relevant information on the internet. But the

information I got was rich and varied, or even contradictory. Confused, I

simply based my decision on the ratings. Within five minutes, we

ordered the one we were satisfied with. This afternoon, Mom received the

case and told me she liked it very much.

Su Hua 6 July, Sunny

This

morning, our family went out, hanging round in the downtown area. We

found a rating of the Top Ten Restaurants, and went into one of them. We

spent quite a lot of money, but were not happy. Mom complained a lot,

and said that despite its high ratings, the food was not to our taste. I

was puzzled. Should I believe in these ratings, or should I not?

写作内容

1. 用约30个词概括上述利用排名（ratings）进行消费的现象；

2. 谈谈你如何看待消费排名，然后用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。

写作要求

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3. 不必写标题。

评分标准

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

满分范文一

As

a major channel of consumption information, the rating is an efficient

source of information for shopping in our own consumption.

Interestingly, the same rating may have different influences on

different consumers.

I tend to consult consumption ratings

whatever I purchase. Firstly, the higher rating means the higher quality

of the product, or better service. Based on the ratings, I bought my

beloved backpack, saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.

Secondly, ratings can save time to make decisions in shopping. For

example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often

confused to choose from. In that case, it is both convenient and

economical to buy books according to the ratings.

There is no

doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in

consumption. The advantages and disadvantages of ratings are often

closely related. It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards

ratings.

满分范文二

Nowadays,

most commodities or services are rated through certain channels. These

ratings, easy to access, are playing an increasingly important role in

customers' purchase decision. However, results are sometimes

unsatisfactory.

There is no denying that such ratings might bring

convenience to consumers, but they are often misleading and unreliable.

As we all know, most of the ratings are based on others’ judgment on the

product or service concerned. Every judgment comes from a specific need

or a unique psychological state. Apparently, blindly following others'

advice will affect our own judgment. Another fact should not be

neglected that some of the ratings are the outcome of a careful

manipulation of companies or sellers. It has become a common practice

for some to pay for good ratings on their products or services so as to

increase their sales.

Therefore, we should give a second thought to these ratings whenever we go shopping.

2018-2019上学期 高三新课程 第20期 参考答案及详细解析

参考答案

1-5 CABAA 6-10 CACBB 11-15 CCBCC 16-20 ABBCA

21-25 DBDCB 26-30 CDCAB 31-35 ACBCD 36-40 BAGEF

41-45 DADBC 46-50 DBACA 51-55 CBADC 56-60 BCADB

61. heard 62. Its 63. generally 64. seeing 65. celebration

66. to board 67. who / that 68. the 69. than 70. exciting

短文改错

71. I hate football … hate → hated

72. … I angry waited … angry → angrily

73. … something that happened. 去掉that

74. … to starting playing … starting → start

75. They played on … They → We

76. … tops of building … building → buildings

77. … sun on my … sun前加the

78. … scratches for falling … for → from

79. … and with fond … and → but

80. … spent play the … play → playing

书面表达

One possible version:

Dear Mr. Smith,

I’m your new student, an exchange student from China. I’m writing to seek help from you.

What troubles me most is note-taking in class. As a non-native English speaker, it’s not easy for me to follow what the teacher says in class, let alone take notes. I hope you can give me some advice on that. Besides, because I’m a newcomer here, I don’t know how to get access to the school library. Do I need to sign up for a membership card and are there other library regulations I need to know? I would be grateful if you could lend me a hand.

Thank you in advance.

Sincerely,

Li Hua

详细解析

听力

第一节

（Text 1）

主题语境：人与社会——社会服务

1. C。细节理解题。根据女士说But I recommend our white wine; it goes very well with fish steak可知，女士推荐白葡萄酒。根据男士回答I’ll have a glass, please可知，男士采纳了女士的建议。

（Text 2）

主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通

2. A。推理判断题。根据女士说Where are the pictures that go with this magazine article可知，女士询问男士杂志中文章里的在哪里。由此可知，女士在寻找。

（Text 3）

主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通

3. B。推理判断题。根据女士说The wind is blowing through the door. Do you feel cold, Vincent可知，风穿过门吹进来，女士感觉有些冷。根据男士回答Oh, I see. I’m terribly sorry可以推断，男士将会关住门。

（Text 4）

主题语境：人与自我——生活

4. A。主旨大意题。根据女士说We can’t afford another twenty dollars a month可知，房东留条说每个月的房租上涨20美元。

（Text 5）

主题语境：人与自我——生活

5. A。细节理解题。根据男士说she has shoulder length red hair可知，Joan Smith有一头及肩红发。

第二节

（Text 6）

主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通

本段材料是男士询问女士如何拍摄**的场景。

6. C。细节理解题。根据女士说One scene may be shot from five or six different angles可知，一个场景需要从不同的角度拍摄。

7. A。推理判断题。根据女士说I can show you how things are done可知，女士将在工作室中向男士展示如何拍摄**。

（Text 7）

主题语境：人与自我——生活

本段材料是女士和男士讨论如何打理新家。

8. C。细节理解题。根据女士说First the walls need painting可知，二人在清单上列出的第一件事是粉刷墙。

9. B。推理判断题。根据女士说I think it needs to be replaced. Fans aren’t too expensive可知，二人会买一个电风扇。

（Text 8）

主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通

本段材料是男士向女士了解在悉尼旅行时可以做什么。

10. B。细节理解题。根据女士说and you spend around an hour exploring different parts of the building可知，悉尼歌剧院的参观时长约为一个小时。

11. C。细节理解题。当男士问Is there a must-do Sydney experience时，女士回答Then I suppose you should spend some time in the Rocks。由此可知，女士认为悉尼岩石区是必去的地方。

12. C。推理判断题。根据女士说Why don’t you check the dates on the Internet可知，男士会在网上搜索龙舟节举办的日期。

（Text 9）

主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通

本段材料是男士为员工的错误向女士道歉并商量赔偿事宜。

13. B。推理判断题。根据男士说when he took your booking and recorded the number of dinner guests as seventy-five可知，员工将参加晚宴的人数搞错了。

14. C。细节理解题。根据男士说we can offer a refund on the buffet room rental可知，男士愿意取消自助餐房间的租赁费。

15. C。推理判断题。根据男士说we can offer a refund on the buffet room rental, which was $1,000; But we can offer another $1,500 for the inconvenience可知，男士一共赔偿2500美元。

16. A。细节理解题。根据女士说our charity has lost …可知，女士在慈善机构工作。

（Text 10）

主题语境：人与自我——做事

本段材料是关于说话者讲述自己环球飞行中从挪威回到伦敦的经历。

17. B。推理判断题。根据材料中This week I’ll tell you about the last part back to London可知，说话者在讲述自己飞行的后半程。

18. B。细节理解题。根据材料中On Monday, there was a problem … to arrange some repairs可知，说话者飞机的前轮在周一出现了问题，他联系荷兰的机场安排修理工作。

19. C。推理判断题。根据材料中Next morning it was so foggy that I couldn’t fly, so I had a break可知，因为第二天早晨雾很大所以说话者未能起飞。

20. A。推理判断题。根据材料中This week I’ll tell you about the last part back to London ; Then I took off within

minutes for London可知，说话者的最终目的地是伦敦。

阅读理解

第一节

A篇

主题语境：人与社会——文学

短文分析

本文是应用文。通过Blinkist这个应用软件，我们可以快速地掌握一本书的精华内容，本文介绍了这个软件上的四本可以帮助我们提升自我的书。

21. D。推理判断题。由Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do by Amy Morin部分中的Morin shares how her most successful therapy patients overcame these difficulties可推知，Amy Morin的这本书很可能是一本告诉人们如何应对生活中遇到的各种挑战的书。

22. B。细节理解题。由Finding Your Element by Ken Robinson部分中的Find out how you can break free of society’s strict rules and find your calling in life可知，Ken Robinson的这本书鼓励读者去挖掘什么是自己真正喜欢去做的事情。

23. D。细节理解题。由Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman部分中的Goleman explains how you can avoid letting your emotions rule you and make better decisions in life可知，Daniel Goleman的书有助于我们学会如何掌控自己的情绪。

背景解读

1. Blinkist：手机藏书阅读管理应用，它不提供任何书籍内容，而是致力于向读者提供非文学小说类书籍的浓缩版，能让你快速获取书籍的精华内容。有了Blinkist，对于忙碌的上班族而言，一年读100本书应该也不是什么难事。Blinkist每天会为用户提供一本内容经过浓缩处理的免费书籍。如果你想看更多的书，则需要付费，每年支付50美元，Blinkist里的书籍任你看。如果选择每年80美元的付费服务，你则可以另外享受书籍的音频版。

2. Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do：《告别玻璃心的十三件事》。作者是艾美?莫林，认证的临床社会工作者、大学心理辅导师、心理治疗师，也是心理界唯一从全盘观点谈论内心力量的人。

3. How to Stop Worrying and Start Living：《如何停止忧虑开创人生》。作者是戴尔?卡耐基（1888年11月24日—1955年11月1日），美国著名人际关系学大师、美国现代成人教育之父、西方现代人际关系教育的奠基人，被誉为是20世纪最伟大的心灵导师和成功学大师。他利用大量普通人不断努力取得成功的故事，通过演讲和书唤起无数陷入迷惘者的斗志，激励他们取得辉煌的成功。其在1936年出版的著作《人性的弱点》，70年来始终被西方世界视为社交技巧的圣经之一。他在1912年创立卡耐基训练班，以教导人们人际沟通及处理压力的技巧。

4. Finding Your Element：《发掘你的元素》。作者是肯·罗宾逊，是国际公认的开发创造力、人力资源方面的领导者。他和许多政府及国际组织世界500强公司共同工作，创立新的人才教育模式，开发创造力。

5. Emotional Intelligence：《情商》。作者是丹尼尔·高曼，哈佛大学心理学博士，现为美国科学促进协会研究员，曾四度荣获美国心理协会最高荣誉奖项，20世纪80年代即获得心理学终生成就奖，并曾两次获得普利策奖提名。此外他还曾任职《纽约时报》12年，负责大脑与行为科学方面的报道。他的畅销著作有《情商》、《工作情商》等。

B篇

主题语境：人与社会——社会服务

短文分析

本文是记叙文。作者在15岁的时候，好友患上了心理疾病。为了更好地帮助好友，她创建了Buddy Project。如今她通过Buddy Project筹资，帮助那些患心理疾病却没钱医治的患者。她希望将来能筹到更多的资金去帮助更多的心理疾病患者。

24. C。段落大意题。本段作者首先提到了I created Buddy Project，接着下文又提到好友患心理疾病使她开始关注心理疾病，并希望能全力以赴帮助好友，以及她个人在网络上寻到和自己志同道合的朋友圈这两件事揉和在一起，使她想到要帮助心理疾病患者建立一个属于他们的圈子可知，本段主要讲述了作者是如何想到要成立Buddy Project这个项目的。

25. B。细节理解题。由第二段中的I didn’t really think that many people would be interested in it. On the first day, however, 3,000 people signed up可知，作者没想到会有这么多人参与她的项目。

26. C。推理判断题。由第三段中的Mental illness affects tens of millions of people in the United States each year, yet only half receive treatment以及Mental health care is not always accessible or affordable … the cost of treatment would still be a problem. Without help, there are some people who won’t be able to receive the proper care可推知，作者写本段的目的是想表明有必要去帮助那些患有心理疾病的人们。

27. D。细节理解题。由末段中的We’ve mainly focused on raising money for people in our hometown of southeastern Pennsylvania, but we want to expand and offer help throughout the United States可知，Buddy Project希望将来能够不仅仅帮助自己家乡的心理疾病患者，而且能帮助全国的心理疾病患者接受治疗。

背景解读

1. Twitter：推特是一个广受欢迎的美国社交网络（Social Network Service）及微博客服务的网站，是全球互联网上访问量最大的十个网站之一，由杰克·多西在2006年3月创办并在当年7月启动。它允许用户将自己的最新动态和想法以移动电话中的短信息形式（推文）发布（发推），可绑定IM即时通讯软件。所有的Twitter消息都被限制在140个字符之内。Twitter在全世界都非常流行，被形容为“互联网的短信服务”。

2. National Institute of Mental Health：美国国家精神卫生研究院。

3. Pennsylvania：宾夕法尼亚州，是美国东部的一个州。该州自建立之初就以宗教自由和政治民主著称，在北美有很大影响，美国历史上的许多重要篇章都是在宾州谱写的。由于该州地处美国13个州的正中（北部有6个州，南部有6个州），再加上该州在美国独立时的中坚作用，故有“拱顶石州”之称。

C篇

主题语境：人与自然——环境保护

短文分析

本文是说明文。文章介绍了一种带警示条的渔网，它能够保护潜水海鸟，使其在捕食时尽可能不会误闯渔网。

28. C。细节理解题。由第一段中的Every year, 400,000 seabirds worldwide meet their end while diving for food as a result of becoming unintentionally caught in gillnets和第二段中的A wide range of non-targeted animals, or “bycatch”, also end up being caught in the nets, including many species of seabirds可知，这个渔网的一个缺点是，会误捕海鸟，导致海鸟死亡。

29. A。细节理解题。由第三段中的Over the last three years, a Seabird Task Force, working with local fishermen in Lithuania, has been conducting trials of the black and white panels, comparing them with standard fishing nets可知，这个研究小组的主要任务是测试这种带警示条的渔网的实用性。

30. B。推理判断题。由第四段中的the early results are encouraging; raw data suggest that bycatch is about a third lower in nets equipped with warning panels可推知，最初的结果显示这种带警示条的渔网很有效。

31. A。细节理解题。由最后一段Morkūnas所说的话Fishermen have started to see bird bycatch as a burning global issue and have started to think about how to reduce it, even suggesting their own ideas以及For me, that’s really inspiring可知，让Morkūnas感到很振奋的是渔民的积极配合。

背景解读

Lithuania：立陶宛，全称是立陶宛共和国（Republic of Lithuania），位于波罗的海东岸，首都是维尔纽斯。1990年立陶宛宣布脱离苏联独立，并在第二年的9月6日，苏联正式承认其独立，之后立陶宛加入欧盟和北约。食品加工、木材加工、交通物流、生物技术、激光技术为立陶宛的优势产业。2015年1月1日，立陶宛成为欧元区第19个成员国。

D篇

主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习

短文分析

本文是说明文。作者在第一次演讲时非常紧张，但经过无数次的历练后，他总结出了几点在演讲中可以避免紧张、焦虑的方法。

32. C。细节理解题。由第一段中的You were so nervous that you were causing me to physically shake in my seat可知，作者第一次演讲非常紧张，这让观众也跟着紧张。

33. B。推理判断题。由第三段中的The same was true when people were anxious before singing Journey’s Don’t Stop Believin’. Saying “I’m excited” led to more accurate karaoke performances than saying “I’m calm.”可知，在唱歌的时候说“我兴奋”可以让自己唱得很好，故可推知，作者这里提及歌曲Don’t Stop Believin’是为了提议大家演讲的时候要兴奋，这样有助于缓解紧张情绪。

34. C。推理判断题。由第四段中的Practice in front of an audience和Classic studies by the late Stanford psychologist Robert Zajonc showed that … If you practice alone, you won’t have a chance to adjust to that arousal. The key is to practice under conditions that seem like the performance as much as possible可推知，Robert Zajonc可能建议演讲者提前在人前练习演讲。

35. D。细节理解题。由最后一段中的Be acquainted with your audience和After spending a few days reading through their biographies, I’m more excited than anxious可知，了解观众有助于我们在演讲中有好的表现。

背景解读

Stanford：即Stanford University，斯坦福大学，坐落于美国加利福尼亚州斯坦福市，是一所享誉世界顶尖的私立研究型大学。该校培养了众多高科技产品的领导者及创业精神的人才，其中包括惠普、谷歌、雅虎、耐克、罗技电子、特斯拉汽车、艺电、太阳微系统、NVIDIA、思科、硅谷图形及eBay等公司的创办人。

知识链接

keynote speech (Para. 2)：the main speech at a meeting or a formal event, which is given by the keynote speaker 主题发言