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高中语法介词,介词高考语法
tamoadmin 2024-06-12 人已围观
简介1.请帮我列出所有关于介词的语法,要详细。谢谢2.职称英语指导:语法知识——介词的搭配3.英语介词语法讲解4.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-高频率介词搭配之三A ?ask sth. of sb....找某人要某物B ?near to man‘s接近人类的。in size在大小方面。A ?associate ...with...前后是一样的啊。将红色和幸福联系在一起,将黑色和悲伤联系在一起。D ?of
1.请帮我列出所有关于介词的语法,要详细。谢谢
2.职称英语指导:语法知识——介词的搭配
3.英语介词语法讲解
4.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-高频率介词搭配之三
A ?ask sth. of sb....找某人要某物
B ?near to man's接近人类的。in size在大小方面。
A ?associate ...with...前后是一样的啊。将红色和幸福联系在一起,将黑色和悲伤联系在一起。
D ?of the day或of our time意思一样,当下的,我们这个时代的。
D ?a drain on...对....的耗尽/损耗
A ? keep to坚持,固守(习惯等)
C ? of所属,.....的,现代医学的影响。对......的影响,用介词on,impact on....。
B ?在阳光宾馆对面。aside一般当作副词用,常用set ...aside, put aside等。
请帮我列出所有关于介词的语法,要详细。谢谢
介词的语法特征
(1)表示时间,处所,方式,对象等语法意义。如:
从明天(开始)(表示时间) 在家(自修)(表示处所)
按原则(办事)(表示方式)把作业(做完)(表示对象)
(2)介宾结构主要充当状语,修饰动词或形容词。如“从车上下来”“比他高”。有的介宾结构可以作定语,但要加“的”,如“对历史人物的评价”“在桌子上的书”。少数介宾结构可以充当补语,如“工作到深夜”“睡在床上”。介宾结构不能做谓语。
(3)“在,向,于,到,给,自”等可以直接附着在动词或其他词语后边,构成一个整体,相当于一个动词。如“落在我身上”“奔向二十一世纪”“取决于你的考试成绩”“勇于实践”“走到了目的地”“献给人民”“来自纽约”。
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希望对你有所帮助。
职称英语指导:语法知识——介词的搭配
I. 介词分类:
1 简单介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on
2 合成介词 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without
3 短语介词 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to
4 双重介词 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between
5 分词转化成的介词 considering(就而论), including
6 形容词转化成的介词 like, unlike, near, next, opposite
II. 常用介词区别:
1 表示时间的in, on, at at表示片刻的时间,in表示一段的时间,on总是与日子有关
2 表示时间的since, from since 指从过去到现在的一段时间,和完成时连用,from指从时间的某一点开始
3 表示时间的in, after in指在一段时间之后,after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中
4 表示地理位置的in, on, to in表示在某范围内,on指与什么毗邻,to指在某环境范围之外
5 表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上,in表示占去某物一部分
6 表示“穿过”的through, across through表示从内部通过,与in有关,across表示在表面上通过,与on有关
7 表示“关于”的about, on about指涉及到,on指专门论述
8 between与among的区别 between表示在两者之间,among用于三者或三者以上的中间
9 besides与except的区别 besides指“除了…还有再加上”,except指“除了,减去什么”,不放在句首
10 表示“用”的in, with with表示具体的工具,in表示材料,方式,方法,度量,单位,语言,声音
11 as与like的区别 as意为“作为,以…地位或身份”,like为“象…一样”,指情形相似
12 in与into区别 in通常表示位置(静态),into表示动向,不表示目的地或位置
英语介词语法讲解
介词的搭配
1.介词与动词的搭配来源:考试大
同一介词可以与不同的动词搭配,表示不同的意思。以of为例:
Jack reminds her grandma of her husband because he looks just like him. (使……想起)
Have you ever heard of such a thing? (听说)
She often spoke of her life in China. (谈起)
The lady was robbed of 10 dollars on her way home. (抢劫)
Thanks for thinking of me. (思念)
同一动词可以与不同的介词搭配使用,表示不同的意思。以look为例:
Look after the children. (照顾)来源:考试大
He looked at the timetable. (看)
What are you looking for? (寻找)来源:考试大
The police are looking into the case. (调查)
在许多动词 + 介词的结构中,介词实际上是动词的一部分,与动词一起构成短语动词。
2.介词与形容词的搭配来源:考试大
介词短语是形容词补语的一种,下面介绍几个常与形容词搭配的介词。
at⑴ 表示对某种因素在情绪上的反应,如:I am angry at their not telling me. 这类形容词还有:amazed, pleased, hurt, disappointed, excited, delighted, worried等;⑵表示在某方面的能力,如: He‘s good at tennis. 这类形容词还有:adept, expert, show, hopeless, useless等。
in表示方面,如:He is successful in everything he does.这类形容词还有:lacking, interested, efficient, lucky等。
about表示对象,如:I am curious about her motives.这类形容词还有:certain, careful,careless, happy, pleased, sure, anxious等。
to表示目标,如:Your arguments are contrary to reason.这类形容词还有:acceptable,answerable, equal, hateful, kind, natural, painful, peculiar, pleasant, polite, rude, similar, strange, used等。
with 表示伴随,如:Your arguments are not consistent with your previous remarks.这类形容词还有:complete, content, angry ,busy, consistent, horrified, pleased, upset等。
for⑴表示对象,如:We are eager for news.这类形容词还有:bound, adequate, famous, fit,necessary, sorry, ready等;⑵表示分离,如:She was absent from the meeting.这类形容词还有:free, different, separate, safe等。来源:考试大
3.介词与名词的搭配来源:考试大
介词与名词的搭配常常用在由动词、形容词等转换而来的名词的后面。如:
We can‘t ignore their concern for the matter.
His absence from school was caused by illness.
高考英语语法:高中英语语法-高频率介词搭配之三
请慢慢消化,转载给你的。
一、介词to的常见用法
1.动词+to
a)动词+ to
adjust to适应,
attend to处理;照料,
agree to赞同,
amount to加起来达…,
belong to属于,
come to达到,
drink to为…干杯,
get to到达,
happen to发生在某人身上,
hold to紧握,
lead to通向,
listen to听,
occur to想起,
object to反对,
point to指向,
respond to回答,
refer to参考;指的是…;涉及,
reply to回答,
see to负责,
stick to坚持,
turn to求助,
write to给某人写信。
b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb.
announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解释, express to对某人表达, mention to提及, nod to向某人点头, report to报告, say to告知, shout to对某人大叫, suggest to对某人提建议,speak to与某人交谈, talk to跟某人谈话, whisper to和某人低声耳语。
c)动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.
add to增加, compare to比作, carry to运送至, devote to致力于,introduce to介绍给, invite to邀请参加, join to连接到, leave to委托给,reduce to下降至, sentence to判处, take to带到。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ to
be alive to觉察;晓得,
be attentive to注意;留心,
be awake to知晓,
be blind to缺乏眼光,
be close to紧挨着,
be common to对某人来说很普通,
be contrary to违反;反对,
be devoted to致力,
be deaf to不愿意听,
be equal to有…的力量,
be exposed to暴露;遭受,
be fair to对…公平,
be familiar to对某人来说熟悉,
be grateful to对某人心存感激,
be good to对…有好处,
be harmful to对…有危害,
be important to对…重要,
be kind to友好对待,
be known to周知于,
be married to嫁给,
be moved to转移到,
be near to靠近,
be necessary to对…有必要,
be opposite to在对面,
be opposed to反对,
be pleasant to合某人之意,
be proper to专属,
be polite to礼貌待人,
be rude to粗暴对待,
be relative to与…有关,
be strange to不习惯,
be similar to类似,
be suitable to适合,
be true to忠实,
be thankful to感激,
be useful to对…有用,
be used to习惯。
3.to+名词构成的词组
to a degree在某种程度上, to date到现在为止,to one’s feet跳起来,to one’s mind照…看来, to one’s surprise使…吃惊,to one’s taste符合胃口, to oneself独自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地
二、at的常见用法 at构成的词组比较多,要细心区分。
1.动词+ at
arrive at抵达,call at访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at攻击, fire at向…开火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而视, grieve at忧伤,knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at对…高兴,smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射击, stare at怒目而视,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at颤抖,wonder at吃惊,work at工作。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ at
be angry at恼怒于, be alarmed at对…保持警觉,be astonished at对…吃惊, be bad at不擅长, be clever at对某事很灵巧,be delighted at高兴,be disgusted at厌恶, be disappointed at对…失望,be good at擅长, be impatient at对…不够耐心, be mad at狂热于,be pleased at对…感到高兴, be present at出席, be satisfied at满意,be surprised at吃惊, be shocked at对…非常震惊,be terrified at受到…的恐吓,be quick at对…很机敏。
3.at+名词构成的词组
at a distance在一定距离,at a loss不知所措, at a time一次,at all一点也不,at any cost不惜一切代价,at best最好也只是,at first起初,at hand手头,at heart在内心里,at home在家;无拘束,at last最后,at least至少,at most最多,at once马上,at present目前。
三、介词on的常见用法
on的用法比较重要,本文介绍它的一些常见用法:
1.动词+on
a)动词+ on要认真区分下面一些词组
act on对…有作用, bring on促使;导致, call on拜访某人,count on依赖, carry on执行,depend on取决, feed on以…为生,figure on料想;推断, go on继续,have on穿着, insist on坚持,keep on继续, lean on依赖, live on以…为生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通(电源), take to喜欢;养成;轻易学会,turn on接通(电源), work on操作, wait on侍候。
b)动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)
base on以…为基础, congratulate on恭贺, fix on固定, have mercy on怜悯,have pity on怜惜, keep watch on监视, spend on把时间、精力花在某方面。
2.be+形容词+on的词组
be dependent on依赖, be hard on对某人苛刻,be impressed on对…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on对…严格。
3.on+名词构成的词组
on board乘(车,飞机),on call听候召唤, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire着火, on foot步行,on guard在岗,on hire雇用,on holiday度假
四、介词in的常见用法
1.动词+in
a)动词+ in
believe in信任, break in碎成,bring in引起;产生;带来, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收获, hand in上缴, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in导致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in卷起;订阅, turn in归还当局。
b)动词+sb./time/money+ in
help sb. in帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in匀出时间或钱做某事,spend time/money in花时间或钱做某事,waste time/money in浪费时间或钱做某事。
2. be +形容词+ in
be active in活跃于,be absorbed in专心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生于,be concerned in牵涉, be clothed in穿着, be disappointed in对…失望,be diligent in勤于, be experienced in在…有经验, be employed in任职于,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的专家, be excellent in在…优秀,be interested in对…有兴趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in迟缓, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精于,be strict in严于, be weak in弱于。
3. in +名词
in advance提前,in all总共,in balance总而言之,in bed卧床,in body亲自,in brief简明扼要,in case万一, in charge主管,in danger有危险, in debt负债, in despair失望,in force大量地;有效,in full全部地, in flower开花,in general一般说来,in itself本身, in love恋爱, in order井然有序, in person亲自,in public公开地, in progress有进展, in practice从实践上看, in rags穿着破衣,in research探索, in return作为报答,in ruins一片废墟,in short总之,in theory从理论上看, in trouble有麻烦, in tears眼泪汪汪,in time及时, in turn按顺序, in vain白白地,in view看得见。
五、介词from的常见用法
from的用法可不能小瞧,你不一定知道下面这些词组意义。
1.动词+from
a)动词+ from
come from来自,date from追溯, depart from违背, die from死于, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂挂, hear from收到来信,learn from向某人学习, return from自某地返回,rise from自…冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。
b)动词+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place
borrow from向…借, choose from选自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不准做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到,remove from移动;除去, save from保全;拯救, separate from分离开来,stop from阻止。
2. be +形容词+ from
be absent from缺席,be different from与众不同, be far from更不用说, be hidden from躲避,be made from用…制成, be tired from因…而疲倦。
3.from…to…
from bad to worse每况愈下,from beginning to end自始至终,from cover to cover从头到尾,from China to Peru到处,from day to day一天一天地,from door to door挨家挨户,from end to end从头至尾,from first to last自始至终,from hand to mouth勉强糊家,from head to foot从头到脚,from mouth to mouth广泛流传,from sun to sun从日出到日落,from start to finish从头开始,from top to toe从头到脚,from time to time不时地,from top to bottom彻底地。
六、介词for的常见用法
1.动词+for
a)动词+for
account for解释;说明, answer for对…负责,apply for申请;请求,apologize for为…而道歉, beg for请求, call for要求,care for在意, enter for报名参加, fight for为…而战, hope for希望,inquire for查询;求见, leave for离开某地到另一地, look for寻找, long for盼望,mistake for误认为, plan for计划做某事, prepare for为…作准备,provide for为…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for竞选, stand for象征,search for搜寻, send for派人去请, speak for陈述意见、愿望, take for当作, wish for希望, wait for等待。
b)动词+sb.+ for +sth.
ask for要求得到,blame for因…责备, excuse for宽恕, forgive for谅解, pardon for原谅,pay for花钱买, praise for称赞, punish for对…进行惩罚,push for催逼,reward for酬谢, thank for对…表示谢意。
2. be +形容词+for
be anxious for急于做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害于,be convenient for便于, be good for利于, be famous for以…出名,be fit for适合于, be grateful for对…心存感激, be impatient for对…不耐烦,be late for迟到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好准备,be sorry for为…而后悔, be responsible for对…负责,be suitable for适合于, be unfit for不适合, be useful for对…有作用。
3.for+名词构成的词组
for all尽管,for a song非常便宜地,for certain确切地,for company陪着,for ever永远,for example例如,for fear以免,for fair肯定地,for free免费,for fun为了好玩,for good永远,for instance比方,for luck祝福,for life终身,for long长久,for nothing白白地,for once有生第一次,for oneself替自己,for pleasure为了消遣,for reason因为…理由,for sale供出售,for shame真不害臊,for short简称,for sport好玩,for sure确切地。
4.动词+副词/名词+for构成的短语
be in for将遇到,make up for弥补,go in for从事,look out for提防,take sth. for granted把…当作理所当然,have an ear for音感好,have a gift for有某方面的天赋。
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高频率介词搭配之三
he trouble we give. 从来没有人抱怨我们带来这么多麻烦。
Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen. 二氧化碳由碳、氧两种元素组成。
b)动词+sb.+of+sth.。其中of有?剥夺,有关?之意:accuse of控告(谴责,非难)某人, cheat of骗走, deprive of剥夺, inform of汇报, rob of抢走, remind of提醒, warn of警告。例如:
He has cheated me of my poverty. 他骗走了我的财产。
They are deprived of their rights as citizens. 他们的公民权都被剥夺了。
c)动词+sth.+ of +sb.。介词of表动宾关系,后接动作的宾语sb.:request of请求(某人做某事), require of要求得到。例如:
All I request of you is that you should come here early. 我唯一的请求就是希望你早点来。
You have done all the law requires of you. 你做的这一切都是法律对你的要求。
2. be +形容词+ of.
of后接表对象或目标的词,这类短语有很多:be aware of觉察, be ashamed of以?为耻, be afraid of担心, be bare of没有, be careful of小心, be clear of还清债务, be certain of确信, be composed of由?构成, be envious of嫉妒, be forgetful of健忘, be fond of喜欢, be free of免于;摆脱, be full of充满, be guilty of认罪, be hopeful of抱有希望, be informed of汇报, be impatient of对?无耐心, be jealous of嫉妒, be made of用?制成, be mindful of留意, be proud of以?为骄傲, be sick of烦于, be short of缺乏, be sure of确信, be tired of困于, be worthy of值得。
3.of+名词构成的词组:
of age成年, of choice精选的,of course当然, of late最近,of name有名的,of oneself自动地,of purpose有意地,of use有用,of value有价值的。
八、ON
1.动词+on
a)动词+ on.介词on表示?凭借,产生某结果,接通?等意思:act on对?有作用, bring on促使;导致, call on拜访某人, count on依赖, carry on执行, depend on取决, feed on以?为生, figure on料想;推断, go on继续, have on穿着, insist on坚持, keep on继续, lean on依赖, live on以?为生, pull on迅速穿上, put on穿上, switch on接通(电源), take to喜欢;养成;轻易学会,turn on接通(电源), work on操作, wait on侍候。例如:
This kind of medicine acts on the heart. 这种药对心脏有好处。
The fine weather brings on the crops nicely. 好天气促使庄稼长势良好。
We count on you to help. 我们有赖你的帮助。
b)动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)。on的意思是?以?,对?,在某方面?:base on以?为基础, congratulate on恭贺, fix on固定, have mercy on怜悯, have pity on怜惜, keep watch on监视, spend on把时间、精力花在某方面。例如:
Theory should be based on practice. 理论联系实际。
Congratulate on your success in the competition. 恭喜你竞赛获得成功。
2.be+形容词+on的词组:
be dependent on依赖, be hard on对某人苛刻, be impressed on对?印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on对?严格。例如:
We can?t just be dependent on our parents. 我们不能只依赖父母。
He is keen on going abroad. 他渴望出国。
3.on+名词构成的词组:
on表示处于某种状态或在某个方位:on board乘(车,飞机), on call听候召唤, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire着火, on foot步行,on guard在岗,on hire雇用,on holiday度假,on leave休假,on one?s knees跪下, on one?s way在?的路上,on purpose故意, on sale待售,on shore在岸上, on time准时, on the move行动, on the other hand另一方面, on the spot当场, on the tip of one?s tongue快要说出口, on top of在?的顶部,on watch值班。
九、TO
1.动词+to
a)动词+ to.介词to意为?达到,指向?等:adjust to适应, attend to处理;照料, agree to赞同, amount to加起来达?,belong to属于, come to达到, drink to为?干杯,get to到达, happen to发生在某人身上, hold to紧握, lead to通向, listen to听, occur to想起, object to反对, point to指向, respond to回答, refer to参考;指的是?;涉及, reply to回答, see to负责, stick to坚持, turn to求助, write to给某人写信。
例如:
She must learn to adjust herself to English life. 她必须学会适应英国的生活。
Business has to be attended to. 有事要办。
An idea occurred to me. 我想出一个办法。
b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb.。下列动词不能直接带间接宾语sb.,要接间接宾语时须在动词后加介词to:announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解释, express to对某人表达, mention to提及, nod to向某人点头, report to报告, say to告知, shout to对某人大叫, suggest to对某人提建议, speak to与某人交谈, talk to跟某人谈话, whisper to和某人低声耳语。例如:
She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee. 她跟我向委员会推举了一两个合适的人选。
c)动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.。此时介词to可译成?到,于,给?等意思:add to增加, compare to比作, carry to运送至, devote to致力于, introduce to介绍给, invite to邀请参加, join to连接到, leave to委托给, reduce to下降至, sentence to判处, take to带到。例如:
Please add a piece of candy to coffee. 请给咖啡加块糖。
Poets like to compare life to stage. 诗人喜欢把人生比作舞台。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ to.
to的意思是?对?:be alive to觉察;晓得, be attentive to注意;留心, be awake to知晓, be blind to缺乏眼光, be close to紧挨着, be common to对某人来说很普通, be contrary to违反;反对, be devoted to致力, be deaf to不愿意听, be equal to有?的力量, be exposed to暴露;遭受, be fair to对?公平, be familiar to对某人来说熟悉, be grateful to对某人心存感激, be good to对?有好处, be harmful to对?有危害, be important to对?重要, be kind to友好对待, be known to周知于, be married to嫁给, be moved to转移到, be near to靠近, be necessary to对?有必要, be opposite to在对面, be opposed to反对, be pleasant to合某人之意, be proper to专属, be polite to礼貌待人, be rude to粗暴对待, be relative to与?有关, be strange to不习惯, be similar to类似, be suitable to适合, be true to忠实, be thankful to感激, be useful to对?有用, be used to习惯。例如:
Are you alive to what is going on? 你注意到发生什么事了吗?
The old man was not equal to the situation. 那老人不能应付这种情况。
His house is opposite to mine. 他的房子在我的房子对面。
3.to+名词构成的词组有:
to a degree在某种程度上, to date到现在为止, to one?s feet跳起来,to one?s mind照?看来, to one 《高中英语语法-高频率介词搭配之三》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com