2017高考官方答案_2017年高考试题及答案word版

1.2017广西崇左高三语文试卷及参考答案(2)

2.高考英语阅读理解训练附答案

3.2017年成人高考语文试题与答案(2)

　考生能否在英语科考试中取得高分取决于阅读理解的成绩。一起做一下阅读理解训练吧。下面是我为大家推荐的2017高考英语真题分类汇编阅读理解真题及答案，仅供大家参考!

　2017高考英语真题分类汇编阅读理解真题及答案一

　In one way of thinking, failure is a part of life. In another way, failure may be a way towards success. The ―spider story‖ is often told. Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th century, was hiding in a cave from the English. He watched a spider spinning a web(蜘蛛织网). The spider tried to reach across a rough place in the rock. He tried six times without success. On the seventh time he made it and went on to spin his web. Bruce is said to have taken heart and to have gone on to defeat the English? Edison, the inventor of the light bulb, made hundreds of models that failed before he found the right way to make one.

　So what? First, always think about your failure. What caused it? Were conditions right? Were you in top from yourself? What can you change so things will go right next time?

　Second, is the goal(目标)you're trying to reach the right one? Try to do some thinking about what your real goals may be. Think about his question, ?If I do succeed in this, where will it get meThis may help you prevent failure in things you shouldn't be doing anyway.

　The third thing to bear in mind about failure is that it's a part of life. Learn to ―live with yourself‖ even though you may have failed. Remember, ―You can't win them all.‖

　1.This passage deals with two sides of failure. In paragraph 1, the author talks mainly about ______ .

　A.the value of failur B.how people would fail

　C.famous failures　D.the cause of failure

　2.The underlined phrase?made it?means ______ .

　A.succeeded B.failed C.gave D.got

　3.The lesson the spider taught Robert Bruce seems ______ .

　A.productive　B.straight forward C.sorrowful D.deep

　4.The author tells you to do all things except ______ .

　A.The think about the cause of your failure

　B.to check out whether your goals are right for you

　C.to consider failure as a part or life

　D.to bear in mind that you will never fail in your life

　5.Which of the following is NOT true?

　A.Bruce and Edison were successful examples. B.Failure may be regarded as a way toward success.

　C.Edison learned a lot from the lesson the spider taught Robert Bruce.

　D.One may often raise a question whether his goals are worth attempting.

　2017高考英语真题分类汇编阅读理解真题及答案二

　In sport the sexes(性别)are separate. Women and men do not run or swim in the same races. Women are less strong than men. That at least is what people say. Women are called the weaker sex, or, if men want to please them, the fair sex. But boys and girls are taught together at schools and universities. There are women who are famous Prime Ministers, scientists and writers. And women live longer than men . A European woman can expect to live until the age of 74, a man only until he is 68.Are women's bodies really weaker?

　The fastest men can run a mile in under 4 minutes. The best women need 4.5 minutes. Women's time are always slower than men's, but some facts are a surprise. Some of the fastest women swimmers today are teenage girls. One of them swam 400 metres in 4 minutes 21.2 seconds when she was only 16.The first?Tartan?in film was an Olympic swimmer, Johnny Weissmuller. His fastest 400 metres was 4 minutes 49.1 seconds, which is 37.9 seconds slower than a girl 50 years later! This does not mean that women are catching men up. Conditions are very different now and sport is much more serious. It is so serious that some women athletes are given hormone (荷尔蒙)injections(注射). At the Olympics a doctor has to check whether the women athletes are really women or not. It seems sad that sport has such problems. Life can be very complicated(复杂的) when there are two separate sexes!

　1.Women are called the weaker sex because ______ .

　A.women do as much as men

　B.people think women are weaker than men

　C.sport is easier for men than for women

　D.in sport the two sexes are always together

　2.Which of the following is true?

　A.Boys and girls study separately everywhere. B.Women do not run or swim in races with men.

　C. Famous Prime Ministers are women .

　D.Men can expect to live longer than women in Europe.

　3.?That at least is what people say?means people ______ .

　A.say other things , too

　B.don't say this much

　C.say this but may not think so

　D.only think this

　4.What problems does sport have?

　A.Some women athletes are actually men.

　B.Some women athletes are give hormone injections. C.Women and men do not run or swim in the same races.

　D.It is difficult to check whether women athletes are really women.

　5.In this passage the author implies that ______

　A.women are weaker than wen , but faster

　B.women are slower than men, but stronger

　C.men are not always stronger and faster than women

　D.men are faster and stronger than women

　答案：BBCBC

　2017高考英语真题分类汇编阅读理解真题及答案三

　People bury treasure to stop other people from taking it. They choose a quiet place, dig a deep hole and bury the treasure in it. Then they make a map of where the treasure is or write down other clues(线索)that will help them or someone else to find it again.

　In Britain a few years ago; a writer wrote about some treasure that he had buried. He put clues in the story to help readers find it. Thousands of people hunted for the treasure. They dug holes all over Britain, hoping to find it.

　One of the most popular adventure stories ever written is Robert Louis Stephenson's ?Treasured Island?, an exciting story about a young boy, Jim Hawkins, who is captured by pirates and later finds some buried treasure.

　Then there is the true story about a man who had to travel overseas for a year. He did not trust banks, so he buried his life savings in a park. Then he went away. On his return, he went straight to the park. But the park was no longer there. In its place there was a huge building.

　And then there was the man who buried his savings, all in bank notes, in a waterproof(防水的) bag. When he dug it up years later, there was nothing left. Worms and insects had eaten the bag and everything in it.

　And of course, these are stories about people who bury things and either forget where they have buried them or lose the map.

　Although it is true that people sometimes lose their money because a bank fails, banks are still the safest place to keep our savings and treasures.

　1.People who bury treasure usually

　A.do not trust banks

　B.have a little money .

　C.want to live in a quiet place.

　D.expect to lose it

　2.The writer in Britain

　A.really had buried something.

　B.started a nationwide treasure hunt.

　C.had lost his treasure and wanted people to help him find it.

　D.caused trouble because people dug holes everywhere.

　3.―Treasure Island‖

　A.is a story about pirates.

　B.is about the adventures of Jim Hawkins.

　C.is the most popular story ever written

　D.is a well-known fairy tale.

　4.The man who buried his money in a park

　A.thought his money was safer there than in a bank.

　B.travelled on the sea for a year.

　C.got his life savings back again.

　D.stayed away longer than he expected.

　5 . From these stories we understand that

　A.we cannot trust banks.

　B.we should not trust anyone.

　C.a waterproof bag is not proof against worms and insects.

　D.insects eat anything.

　答案：ABBAC

2017广西崇左高三语文试卷及参考答案(2)

书是随时在近旁的顾问，随时都可以供给你所需要的知识，而且可以按照你的心愿，重复这个顾问的次数，下面给大家分享一些关于以气候正义为视角阅读题答案，希望对大家有所帮助。

中国参与国际气候治理的法律立场和策略：以气候正义为视角

气候正义是环境正义在气候变化领域的具体发展和体现。2000年前后，一些非政府组织承袭环境正义运动的精神，开始对气候变化的影响进行伦理审视，气候正义便应运而生。气候正义关注的核心主要是在气候容量有限的前提下，如何界定各方的权利和义务，主要表现为一种社会正义或法律正义。

从空间维度来看，气候正义涉及不同国家和地区之间公平享有气候容量的问题，也涉及一国内部不同区域之间公平享有气候容量的问题，因而存在气候 文化 的国际公平和国内公平问题。公平原则应以满足人的基本需求作为首要目标，每个人都有义务将自己的“碳足迹”控制在合理范固之内。比如说，鉴于全球排放空间有限，而发达国家已实现工业化，在分配排放空间时，就应首先满足发展中国家在衣食住行和公共基础设施建设等方面的基本发展需求，同时通制在满足基本需求之上的奢侈排放。

从时间维度来看，气候正义涉及当代人与后代之间公平享有气候容量的问题，因而存在代际权利义务关系问题。这一权利义务关系，从消极方面看，体现为当代人如何约束自己的行为来保护地球气候系统，以将同等质量的气候系统交给后代;从积极方面看，体现为当代人为自己及后代设定义务。就代际公平而言，地球上的自然资源在代际分配问题上应实现代际共享，避免“生态赤字”。因为，地球这个行星上的自然资源包括气候资源，是人类所有成员，包括上一代、这一代和下一代，共同享有和掌管的。我们这一代既是受益人，有权使用并受益于地球，又是受托人，为下一代掌管地球。我们作为地球的受托管理人， 对子 孙后代负有道德义务。实际上，气候变化公约或协定把长期目标设定为保护气候系统免受人为原因引起的温室气体排放导致的干扰，其目的正是为了保护地球气候系统，这是符合后代利益的。至少从我们当代人已有的科学认识来看，气候正义的本质是为了保护后代的利益，而非为其设定义务。

总之，气候正义既有空间的维度，也有时间的维度，既涉及国际公平和国内公平，也涉及代际公平和代内公平。因此，气候正义的内涵是：所有国家、地区和个人都有平等地使用、享受气候容量的权利，也应公平地分担稳定气候系统的义务和成本。

(摘编自静明德《中国参与国际气候治理的法律立场和策略：以气候正义为视角》)

1.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是

A.为了应对气候变化，非政府组织承袭环境正义运动的精神，提出了气候正义。

B.与气候变化有关的国际公平和国内公平问题，实际上就是限制排放的问题。

C.气候正义中的义务问题，是指我们对后代负有义务，而且要为后代设定义务。

D.已有的科学认识和对利益分配的认识都会影响我们对气候正义内涵的理解。

参考答案D

命题立意本题考查考生理解语句、筛选并整合文中信息的能力。能力层级为B级、c级。

试题分析本题要求考生选出表述正确的一项，答案是D。A项来源于原文第一段，提出气候正义是为了应对气候变化带来的影响，故A项错。B项来源于原文第二段，限制排放只是一个具体的方面，不能涵盖与气候变化有关的国际国内公平问题的全部，故B项错。C项来源于原文第三段，气候正义中的义务问题不仅指对后代负有义务，也指对我们自己负有义务，故c项错。D项既来源于原文第三段的一个细节，也是对全文的概括。原文说“至少从我们当代人已有的科学认识来看，气候正义的本质是为了保护后代的利益”，这表明已有的科学认识影响了对气候正义内涵的理解;而全文重点谈的是利益分配的问题，可见如何认识利益分配，也影响理解。故D项正确，是本题答案。

2.下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是

A. 文章 从两个维度审视气候正义，并较为深入地阐述了后一维度的两个方面。

B.文章以气候容量有限为立论前提，并由此指向了气候方面的社会正义问题。

C.已文章在论证中以大量篇幅阐述代际公平，彰显了立足未来的气候正义立场。

D.对于气候正义，文章先交代背景，接着逐层分析，最后梳理出了它的内涵。

参考答案C

命题立意本题考查考生分析论点、论据和论证 方法 的能力。能力层级为C级。

试题分析本题要求考生选出对原文论证的相关分析不正确的一项，答案是C。A项是对原文论证思路的一个重要方面的分析。原文谈到空间维度和时间维度，而时间维度又分为消极和积极两个方面，论述更加深入一些，故A项正确。B项是对原文的立论前提和指向性的分析。原文说“气候正义关注的核心主要是在气候谷里有限的前提下，如何界定各方的权利和义务，主要表现为一种社会正义或法律正义”，可见立论前提是气候容量有限，社会正义是被指向的同题之一。故B项正确。C项是对原文论证立场的分析。原文确有大量篇幅在阐述代际公平问题，但也只是把它作为各类公平问题中的一类来讨论的，而且更加注重的是当下我们这一代的问题，并没有立足未来，故c项错误，是本题答案。D项是对原文整个论证思路的分析。原文说非政府组织以环境正义运动的精神审视气候变化的影响，气候正义应运而生，这交代了背景，接下来从两个维度看，这是逐层分析，最后说“气候正义的内涵是……”，这便说明原文最终梳理出了气候正义的内涵。故D项正确。

3.根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的一项是

A.如果气候容量无限，就不必对气候变化进行伦理审视、讨论气候的正义问题。

B.如果气候变化公约或协定的长期目标能落实，那么后代需求就可以得到保证。

C.只有每个人都控制“碳足迹”，从而实现了代际共享，才能避免“生态赤字”。

D.气候容量的公平享有是很复杂的问题，气候正义只是理解该问题的一种视角。

参考答案B

命题立意本题考查考生整合文中信息并进行分析和推断的能力。能力层级为C级。

试题分析本题要求考生选出说法不正确的一项，答案是B。A项是根据原文立论的前提做出的推断。如果气候容量有限这一前提被替换为气候容量无限，那么，相应的伦理审视、气候正义的问题就缺乏前提，故A项正确。B项是根据原文“气候变化公约或协定把长期目标设定为保护气候系统免受人为原因引起的温室气体排放导致的干扰，其目的正是为了保护地球气候系统，这是符合后代利益的”做的推断。落实长期目标只跟后代利益有关，不能保证后代的需求，尤其不能保证后代可能存在的诸如奢侈排放之类的需求。故B项错误，是本题答案。C项是根据原文多处细节做出的推断，如原文强调每个人都应该将自己的“碳足迹”控制在合理范围内，相应的公平问题才能实现，又特别强调代际公平方面实现了代际共享才能避免“生态赤字”，归结起来就是C项的表述，故C项正确。D项是根据原文论述的重心和视角做出的推断，带有对原文观点及其论证的评价性质。原文从国际、国内、代际、代内及国家、地区、个人等诸多层面展现了气候容量公平享有的复杂性，又强调气候正义作为视角有其独特的关注核心，可见气候容量的公平享有是个复杂的问题，可以、值得并且需要从其他角度进行讨论。故D项正确。

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2017年广西崇左高三语文模拟试卷参考答案 第Ⅰ卷(阅读题，共70分)

　7.(10分)翻译：

　(1)(5分)正值前骁卫将军王守恩在家服丧，张从恩就把后事委托给他，逃走了。(?会?委?遁?各1分，句意信达2分)

　(2)(5分)杀掉契丹使者而推举王守恩，是为国家社稷着想。现在如果害了他人，自己取得好处，不是我本来的心愿?(?盖?计?宿心?各1分，句意信达2分)

　8.(5分)?数?说明数量之少，已不再是当年成林成片的样子;(1分)?残?写出了杨柳残败不堪，已不再是当年郁郁葱葱、浓阴蔽日的样子。(1分)?数?残?从数量和状态两方面，(1分)写出了隋宫外面的杨柳残败的样子，(1分)从而映衬出隋宫的破败、倾圮、荒芜的景象。(1分)(答得不全酌情扣分)

　9.(6分)第一首诗中作者极力渲染隋宫外杨柳残败衰颓的样子，借以衬托隋宫的破败，以哀景写哀情;(2分)而第二首诗中，作者极写宫树的郁葱茂盛、景色迷人，以宫树的葱郁茂盛来表现隋宫的破败荒

　芜，以乐景写哀情。(2分)这两首诗都用了借景抒情的表现手法，同样是写树，虽一残败衰败，一

　葱郁茂盛，但都渲染了隋宫的破败荒芜，表达了作者心中的兴衰之叹。(2分)

　10.(每空1分，共6分)

　(1)众女嫉余之蛾眉兮 谣诼谓余以善*

　(2)后人哀之而不鉴之 亦使后人而复哀后人也

　(3)人不寐 将军白发征夫泪

　11.(25分)

　(1)(5分)E D (答E给3分，答D给2分，答A给1分，答B、C不给分。回答三项或三项以上，不给分。)

　解析A项中?表明?我?有点神经质?错。B项中?大胡子?救了?我?是为了向?我?宣泄大衣被水冲走的不满?错。C项中?我?的忏悔语义过重，应当是?自责?;?埋下伏笔?应改为?作了铺垫?。

　(2)(6分)①大衣被水冲跑是误会加深的结果，推动了小说情节的发展;②为下文?我?的灵魂得到净化并为?大胡子?的妻子免费做手术作了铺垫;③激发读者的阅读兴趣。(每答出一点给2分，意思答对即可)

　观点二：小说主人公是?我?。理由：①从情节结构看：?我?到青石镇给患者做手术，途中乘坐人力三轮车产生误会，?我?在逃跑途中遇险，?我?在医院手术室休息时得知真相，?我?免费为?大胡子?的妻子做手术。这些都是围绕?我?展开的。②从主题看：本文表现的是人性的善良与自我反思精神的可贵，这一点正是通过?我?的免费手术体现的。③从人物关系看：在?我?和?大胡子?两人的对比中，突出了?我?人性的弱点，深化了主题。(观点明确2分，分析合理、充分6分)

　12.(25分)

　(1)(5分)E D (答E给3分，答D给2分，答A给1分，答B、C不给分。回答三项或三项以上，不给分)

　解析A项中?已有无人替代的地位?分析偏离原文相关语句的意旨，原文是说当时兵荒马乱，堪用之人不多。B项中?原本志在?概括不当。 C项中?最初下令种树，是为了?没有想到分析有误。

　(2)(6分)①以此引出传主，能给人鲜明突出的印象;②诗意地评价左公当年种树的深远影响和巨大意义，寄寓作者无限崇敬之情;③设置悬念，吸引读者，关注后文，从而引导读者深刻把握文章的主旨。(每答出一点给2分，意思答对即可)

　(3)(6分)①选准树种，因地制宜种植;②宣传种树意义，颁布护林措施，并严格执行;③种树是他巡视地方的必选对象，从而引领出一种种树护林的良好风气。(每答出一点给2分，意思答对即可)

　(4)(8分)①科举受阻，转而研究农桑水利等实用之学，让他获得一种观照外物的特殊视角;②早年在江南生活，那里的生态环境给他留下深刻的印象，而x疆荒凉荒寒荒漠化的环境，与其形成巨大反差，刺激他产生改变环境的愿望;③他种树是真有兴趣，真去研究，躬身参与，强力推行;④他作为一个政治家，是非常有远见的，正是这种远见，让他的作为具有深远而积极的影响。(每答出一点给2分，意思答对即可)

　第Ⅱ卷 (表达题，共80分)

　13.(3分)B 解析指日可待：为期不远，不久就可以实现。

　倚马可待：倚在即将出发的战马前起草文件，可以等着完稿。比喻文章写得快。

　拭目以待：拭，擦;待，等待。擦亮眼睛等待着。形容期望或等待某件事情的实现。注意三个成语各自的搭配对象。

　14.(3分)B 解析A.句式杂糅，删去?顺利回国?; C.语序不当，?将在2020年计划?应改为?计划将在2020年?;D.防止?与?免遭?否定不当，?免遭?应改为?遭到?或?受到?。

　15.(3分)D

　16.(5分) ①一是文化的教养;②二是社会的担当;③三是自由的灵魂。(意思合理即可。写出一句给1分，写出两句给3分，写出三句给5分)

　17.(6分)构图要素：一双伸开的手掌捧着一颗长出枝叶的心脏，一只手掌的大拇指上站着一只小鸟，小鸟望向初生的枝条。(3分，每点1分)

　寓意：小心呵护，让心灵焕发生机，给人以新的希望。(3分，?呵护?生机?希望?每个关键词1分)

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　history

　If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago，we should probably have to say that we could not remember But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day，we should be able to give an answer to the question.

　It is the same in history Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country，but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war.Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to Write.For example，we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4，000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them.But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa. because they had not learned to write. Sometimes.of course，even if the people cannot write，they may know something of the past.They have heard about it from older people，and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings，and these have been sung and acted and told for many generations For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past.This we may call ?remembered history?.Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is，because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing.But where there are no written records，such spoken stories are often very helpful.

　41. Which of the following ideas is not suggested in the passage?

　A.?Remembered history?，compared with written history，is less reliable

　B.Written records of the past play the most important role in our learning of the human history.

　C.A written account of our daily activities helps US to be able to answer many questions.

　D.Where there are no written records.there is no history.

　42.We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because

　A.there was nothing worth being written down at that time

　B .the people there ignored the importance of keeping a record

　C.the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire

　D.the people there did not know how to write

　43.?Remembered history?refers to

　A.history based on a person?s imagination

　B .stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth

　C .songs and dances about the most important events

　D .both B and C

　44.?Remembered history?is regarded as valuable only when

　A. it is written down

　B .no written account is available

　C.it proves to be time

　D.people are interested in it

　45 .The passage suggests that we could have learned much more about our past than we do now if the ancient people had

　A.kept a written record of every past event

　B. not burnt their written records in wars

　C.told exact stories of the most important happenings

　D.made more songs and dances

　答案：DDDBA

　land produces

　Although the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs，its people are by now almost entirely an urban society Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry(林业)，and most of the rest live in or around towns，small and large.Here the traditional picture is changing：every small town may still be very like other small towns，and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country，but most Americans do not live in small towns any more.Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas(1arge cities with their suburbs、of more than a million people each?a larger proportion than in Germany or England，let alone France.The statistics(统计)of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby town each day.As the rush to live out of town continues.rural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses，so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb But more and more the typical American lives in a metropolitan rather than a small town environment.

　36.If now America has 250 million people.how many of them are engaged in agriculture and forestry?

　A.About 25 million.

　B.More than 25 million.

　C.Less than 25 million.

　D. Less than 225 million

　37.Which of the following four countries has the smallest proportion of people living in metropolitan areas?

　A.United States.

　B.Germany.

　C.France.

　D.England.

　38.What?s the meaning of the word?metropolitan?in the middle of the passage?

　A .Of a large city with its suburbs.

　B.Of small and large towns.

　C.Of urban areas.

　D.Of rural areas.

　39.According to the passage，what can we learn about small towns in the United States?

　A Most small towns become gradually crowded

　B.Small towns are still similar to each other.

　C.As the traditional picture is changing，towns are different.

　D .Small towns are turning into large cities

　40.Why is it hard to say when a piece of country becomes a suburb?

　A.Because they are the same.

　B.Because the rush takes place too quickly

　C.Because the process is gradual.

　D.Because more and more Americans live in metropolitan

　答案：CCABC

　president

　There are stories about two U.S . presidents，Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren，which attempt to explain the American English term OK.We don?t know if either story is true，but they are both interesting. The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little education.In fact，he had difficulty reading and writing.When important papers came to Jackson，he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said.If he approved of a paper.he would write?all correct?on it.The problem was that he didn?t know how to spell.So what he really wrote was?ol korekt?.After a while，he shortened that term to?OK?.

　The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born，Kinderhook，New York.Van Bnren?s friends organized a club to help him become President They caned the club the Old Kinderhook Club，and anyone who supported Van Buren was called?OK?.

　31.The author

　A. believes both of the stories

　B.doesn?t believe a word of the stories

　C is not sure whether the stories are true

　D. is telling the stories just for fun

　32. According to the passage，President Jackson

　A.couldn?t draw up any documents at all

　B. didn?t like to read important papers by himself

　C.often had his assistants sign documents for him

　D .wasn?t good at reading，writing or spelling

　33.According to the first story, the term ?OK?

　A. was approved of by President Jackson

　B.was the title of some Official documents

　C.was first used by President Jackson

　D.was an old way to spell?all correct?

　34 .According to the second story，the term?OK?

　A.was the short way to say?old Kinderhook Club?

　B.meant the place where President Van Buren was born

　C.was the name of Van Buren?s club

　D.was used to call Van Buren?s supporters in the election

　35.According to the second story.the term?OK?was first used

　A.by Van Buren

　B.in a presidential election

　C.to organize the Old Kinderhook Club

　D.by the members of the?Old Kinderhook Club?

　答案：CDCDB

;

　我们精心为广大考生准备了?2017年成人高考语文模拟试题与答案(2)?，各位同学赶快学起来吧，做好万全准备，祝各位同学考试顺利通过。更多相关资讯请持续关注

　 一、语言知识与语言应用(共24分，每小题4分)

　第1题单选 依次填人下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是(　　)

　①他把__________家里受苦的情况都讲了出来。

　②鲁迅主编的刊物__________当局查封了。

　③__________是否应聘，我还没有做出最后决定。

　A.从 让 至于

　B.在 让 关于

　C.从 被 关于

　D.在 被 至于

　参考答案：D

　第2题单选 下列各句中，加点的成语使用正确的一项是(　　)

　A.多次推迟销毁日期后，运行了15年之久的俄罗斯?和平?号空间站终于在2001年3月寿终正寝。

　B.中国女子柔道选手袁华在人声鼎沸的赛场上能做到充耳不闻、心静如水，而一旦发力，就令对手不寒而栗。

　C.田先生生气了，涨红了脸说道：?你们说的都是杯弓蛇影，纯属无中生有，完全不符合事实。?

　D.汉字构词能力强，掌握了常用字有利于理解词语，其中很多词可以望文生义，望文知义，易学易记。

　参考答案：A

　第3题单选 下列各组词语中，字形、词义解释全都正确的一项是(　　)

　A.荣膺众望所归(众人所敬仰的) 瞻顾韦编三绝(读书刻苦勤奋)

　B.端倪(事情的眉目) 高山流水(路途艰险难行) 附庸 各行其事

　C.表帅 曾经沧海(曾经有过辉煌的过去) 涵养席不暇暖(奔走忙碌，没有坐定的时间)

　D.缄口(闭口不说话) 大家风范(人们学习的榜样) 报歉 不可企及

　参考答案：A

　第4题单选 下列各句中加下划线的成语的使用，恰当的一句是(　　)

　A.现在的电视连续剧，十几集、几十集的习以为常。

　B.这次在浦东的参观尽管浮光掠影，但是仍然留下了深刻的印象。

　C.他俩同窗八载，一直是相敬如宾，从来没有为琐事吵过架。

　D.?新的文化观念?日趋多元化，常常让我们莫衷一是。

　参考答案：D

　第5题单选 下列句子中，没有错别字的一句是(　　)

　A.在中国现代文学史上，冰心作为倡导母爱的著名女作家而受到人们祟敬。

　B.浓郁的情韵和深刻的哲理水溶，增强了文章魅力，感染着亿万读者。

　C.广州因承诺将这次全国采购会办成非赢利的会议而获得了最多的选票。

　D.这部传记，以朴实淳厚的语言为世人展示了将军们鲜为人知的人生境遇。

　参考答案：D

　第6题单选 下列各句中，加点的成语使用正确的一句是(　　)

　A.许多看到过极光的人在描写极光时往往语焉不详，只说些?美得语言无法形容?之类的话。

　B.宽带上网是电信业的热门，但推广太慢，这是因为它的价格过高让市民叹为观止。

　C.尽管使用纯净水是否有益健康依然是人言啧啧，但纯净水进入千家万户已是不争的事实。

　D.以巴冲突愈演愈烈，美伊战争迫在眉睫，中东局势战云密布，这使许多投资者退避三舍。

　参考答案：A

　二、阅读下面文字，完成7?10题。(共16分。每小题4分)

　阅读下面的文字，完成下面试题

　树木都是比较长寿的，自然界中常有许多百年以上的大树，甚至也有上千年的古树。一般比较准确地确定古树的年龄，多用?数年轮?的办法。

　什么是年轮呢?就是木本植物茎干横断面上的同心轮纹，在树木茎干的韧皮部内侧有一圈细胞生长特别活跃，分裂也极快，能够形成新的木材和韧皮组织，被称为形成层。可以说树干的增粗全靠它的力量，这些细胞的生长情况在不同的生长季节中有明显的差异。春天到夏天的天气是最适于树木生长的，因此形成层的细胞分裂较快，生长迅速。所产生的细胞体积大，细胞壁薄，纤维较少，输送水分的导管数目多，称为春材或早材;到了秋天，由于形成层的细胞的活动逐渐减弱，产生的细胞当然也不会很大，而且细胞壁厚，纤维较多，导管数目较少，叫做秋材或晚材;当年的早材与晚材逐渐过渡，组成一轮，而晚材与次年的早材之间，界限分明，出现轮纹，根据树干基部的年轮，可以推测树木的年轮。

　但是也有一些植物，如柑橘，年轮就不符合这种规律，我们叫它?假年轮?，因为它们每一年能够有节奏地生长三次，形成三轮。此外，在热带地区的树木，由于气候季节性的变化不明显，形成层所产生的细胞也就没有什么差异了，年轮往往不明显。

　古树年轮的研究，对近年开展的古气候讨论以及空气污染情况的研究都大有助益，首先树木的生长与气象的关系最为密切，从年轮宽，生长量大，推出那一时期风调雨顺，气温适宜;反之，年轮窄，则雨水稀少或干旱无雨，或气温过高或过低。美国科学工作者通过研究450株?世界爷?的年轮，发现它所记录的近百年气候变化，竞与现有文字记录相吻合;我国兰州大学在祁连山区采集900岁以上的圆柏树，发现其年轮宽窄变化与我国近1000年的气候变化相一致。此外，采用科学手段，可以从年轮里观察出空气污染的程度，美国有人对二氧化碳及氧化物散落较多的军工厂附近的43株美国五针松及50棵鹅掌楸进行年轮分析，发现这些树木的历年生长量与该厂排放的污染物质的多少有密切关系，污染物多，树木生长量就少。

　第7题单选 下列对树木年轮的解释，最准确的一项是(　　)

　A.树木年轮就是木本植物茎干横断面上的同心轮纹。

　B.树木年轮是木本植物的主干由于季节变化生长快慢不同，在木质部的断面显出的环形纹理。

　C.在树木茎干的韧皮部内侧有一圈细胞生长特别活跃，分裂也极快，能够形成新的木材和韧皮组织，它们就是树木年轮。

　D.当年的早材与晚材逐渐过渡，组成一轮，而晚材与次年的早材之间，界限分明，出现轮纹。

　参考答案：B

　第8题单选 下列对?根据树干基部的年轮，可以推测树木的年轮?这句话的理解错误的一项是(　　)

　A.树木都是比较长寿的，自然界中常有许多百年以上甚至上千年的古树。

　B.树木茎干的韧皮部内侧的细胞在不同的季节生长情况有明显的差异。

　C.当年的早材与晚材逐渐过渡，组成一轮，而晚材与次年的早材之间，界限分明，出现轮纹。

　D.除个别植物外，大多数植物符合这种一年增长一轮的规律。

　参考答案：A

　第9题单选 下列对古树年轮研究的益处，表述不正确的是(　　)

　A.树木的生长与气象的关系最为密切，研究古树年轮可以帮助我们了解古时的气候变化。

　B.树木的生长与它附近污染物质的多少有密切关系，研究古树年轮可以帮助我们了解古时的污染程度。

　C.研究古树年轮可以帮助今人印证对过去气候变化的记录。

　D.研究古树年轮可以帮助我们预测将来的气候变化和污染情况。

　参考答案：D

　第10题单选 根据原文提供的信息，以下推断正确的一项是(　　)

　A.要想准确计算古树的年龄，一定要用?数年轮?的办法。

　B.有些植物中的?假年轮?现象，会对准确判断树木的年龄产生一些干扰。

　C.美国的?世界爷?和我国的圆柏树，它们的年轮足以证明古气候变化和空气污染 情况。

　D.从对古树年轮的研究中，可以推出美国过去有许多军工厂。

　参考答案：B