高考英语分类阅读,高考英语阅读理解文章分类

1.高考英语任务型阅读常见词汇

　第一篇：

　A little under one-third of U.S. families have no Internet access and do not plan to get it, with most of the holdouts seeing little use for it in their lives, according to a survey released on Friday.

　Park Associates, a Dallas-based technology market research firm, said 29 percent of U.S. families, or 31 million homes, do not have Internet access and do not intend to subscribe(预订)to an Internet service over the next 12 months. The second annual National Technology Scan conducted by Park found that the main reason why potential customers say they do not subscribe to the Internet is because of the low value to their daily lives rather than concerns over cost.

　Forty-four percent of these families say they are not interested in anything on the Internet, versus just 22 percent who say they cannot afford a computer or the cost of Internet service, the survey showed. The answer ?I?m not sure how to use the Internet? came from 17 percent of participants who do not subscribe. The response ?I do all my e-commerce shopping and YouTube-watching at work? was cited by 14 percent of Internet-access users. Three percent said the Internet doesn?t reach their homes.

　The study found U.S. broadband adoption grew to 52 percent over 2006, up from 42 percent in 2005. Roughly half of new subscribers converted(转变)from slower-speed, dial-up Internet access while the other half of families had no prior access.

　?The industry continues to chip(击破)away at the core of non-subscribers, but has a long way to go,? said John Barrett, director of research at Parks Associates. ?Entertainment applications will be the key. If anything will pull in the holdouts, it?s going to be applications that make the Internet more similar to pay-TV,? he predicted.

　1. What does the underlined word ?holdouts? in the first paragraph most probably mean?

　A. some American families

　B. those who hold out one?s opinions

　C. those who have been surveyed

　D. those who still haven?t access to the Internet currently

　2. Many potential customers refuse to subscribe to the Internet mainly because _________.

　A. they show too much concern about the cost B. they can find little value of it

　C. they do most YouTube-watching at work D. the Internet doesn?t reach their homes

　3. From the passage we can infer that ________.

　A. It is not an easy job to transform those holdouts into the Internet users

　B. people will adopt dial-up Internet access no more

　C. many Americans enjoy doing e-commerce shopping at home

　D. more than half of the population are using the Internet in 2005

　4. According to John Barrett, what is the key to attracting more U.S. families to broadband service?

　A. making the Internet look more similar to TV set

　B. applying the Internet more to entertainment

　C. providing more pay-TV programs

　D. chipping away at the core of non-subscribers

　5. Which is the best title for the passage?

　A. Web develops with technology B. The present situation of web

　C. Many Americans see little point to web D. It is urgent to promote web service

　第二篇：

　Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.

　Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.

　The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. ?While coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,? said Professor Peter Barnes.

高考英语任务型阅读常见词汇

首先，高中阶段的阅读要求学生储备大量的词汇。词汇量制约着我们的外语 学习，也必然极大地 影响 阅读能力的形成和提高。有相当一部分同学的词汇十分贫乏，由此导致了阅读的困难。

同学们可从以下三个方面进行词汇积累。1．牢记大纲词汇。对大纲规定的词汇，必须牢牢掌握。2．注意“一词多义”。 3．积累“超纲词汇”。可准备一个本子对阅读中遇到的超纲词汇进行摘抄并记忆。

其次，高中阅读要求学生把握英语语法。简单地说，语法就是词语组成句子的排列规律 。理解了这一基本规律，才能理解句子乃至文章的意义。

再次，我们就应进行适当的阅读训练了。结合高考阅读题型进行训练是必要的，下面从三方面来 分析 一下高考阅读题型。

一、高考英语阅读理解题主要考查学生的什么能力

高考英语阅读理解题型的分值要占高考英语总分的40/150，是所有题型中占分比例最大的一道题。国家教委 考试 中心公布的《考试说明》对阅读理解的要求做了明确的规定，阅读理解部分主要测试考生以下能力：

1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；

2.了解用以阐述主旨的事实和有关细节；

3.根据上下文判断大纲附表以外的某些词汇和短语的意义；

4.既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的逻辑关系；

5.根据所读材料进行一定的判断，推理和引申；6．正确领会作者的观点和态度。

二、高考阅读理解材料的常见类型

1.故事性材料。作者通过描述主人公的思想、语言和行动去叙述一个故事。读这类材料的目的是通过对主人公故事的思索，学习做人的道理。

2.阐述性材料。作者的目的是为读者提供信息或知识。阅读信息性文章的目的是学习作者所阐明的某个道理或事实，以丰富自己对人生和世界的见解。

3.程序性材料。此种材料无观点，又无情节，是一种对某事或某物的说明。如某产品说明书、大赛报名办法 、广告、列车时刻表、招工启事等。阅读此材料可培养学生思考的条理性。

三、高考阅读理解材料的常见设题类型

1.主旨判断题。这类题目考查学生判断、分析、概括文章的主旨和大意的能力。

2． 内容 细节题。这类题目考查学生理解用以阐述主旨的事实和有关细节的能力。

3．推理判断题。 这类题目考查学生理解上下文之间的逻辑关系并根据所读材料进行一定的判断，推理和引申的能力。

4．猜测词（句）义题。 这类题目考查学生依据上下文理解、推断词汇或句子的意思的能力。

现在分析一下解题技巧。很多同学在做阅读理解时，往往只注重过程，不注意方法。实际上，方法比什么都重要。

下面从阅读步骤和阅读题目的干扰项的特点两方面给同学们介绍一些行之有效的基本的解题技巧。

1.做阅读题的一般步骤

第一步，阅读题干 ，即 问题 。 这样做的好处是，在阅读文章之前就能通过题干对文章有一个初步的了解，而且在下一步阅读时可以针对问题找答案，减少了盲目性。

第二步，快读掌握大意，不必纠缠细节。这样做的目的是在第一步的基础上迅速理解文章，这是选出正确答案的前提。

第三步，阅读题目及其选项，寻找相关之处并预选答案。可在文中相应处作些符号。　

第四步，带着问题略读原文，确认答案。答完所有题目后，可以再快读一遍文章，逐一校对各题的答案。

2.阅读理解题的干扰项的特点和对策

阅读理解题中选择题占大部分，其干扰项可分为四种类型。

（1）矛盾型。 即选项与文章 内容 相矛盾，这种选项的干扰性较小，只要同学们仔细阅读，就能将之排除。

（2）无根型。即选项与文章内容不矛盾，但在文章中没有相关的支持信息，没有根据。同学们做此类题时，千万不能把自己的或其他人的观点作为选择的依据。

（3）错位型 。即选项与题目关系不大，选项并没有针对题目来阐述。同学们做此类题时，不仅要判断选项内容是否正确，还应注意选项是否针对题目回答了问题。

（4）偏激型。即干扰项与文章内容相符，而且在文中也可以找到相关的信息支持点；但与原文相比，其涵盖过宽或过窄，犯了“以偏概全”或“白马非马”的错误。

3.同学们在进行训练时还从以下三个方面入手

（1）精读泛读相结合。 我们的教材就是最好的精读材料，需要认认真真地反复地阅读，弄清每个句子的语法关系，理解关键词的含义，为泛读打下比较牢固扎实的基础。泛读就是广泛阅读和浏览外文图书、报刊杂志等。总之，泛读和精读有机结合，有助于提高词汇量，增加英美文化背景知识， 对阅读能力提高大有裨益。

（2）分类阅读，循序渐进。分类阅读就是把文章按体裁分类，如说明文类、记叙文类、 应用 文类、议论文类等；或按内容分类，如人物类、地理类、 历史 类、新闻报道类、广告类、科普类、说明书、风土人情等。掌握文章表达上的一般 规律 及特殊规律，从而大大提高对文章的敏感度。

4.加强“限时阅读”，坚持“持之以恒”

在平时的阅读训练中要规定出完成每篇的时间，而且对每篇的时间要求要逐渐过渡到略高于高考的要求。只有平时加强这种训练，才能使学生在高考考场的紧张气氛中从容应答。对阅读训练，一定要做到持之以恒。篇幅不要很多，但要天天有，天天读，读后思考，决不轻易放过不懂的词、句或段，彻底弄懂，并做读后小结。只要坚持下去，就一定会取得阅读上的长足进步。

原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence

异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity； advantage/benefit , disadvantage

功能：function

观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；attitude to/towards

评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment

表方式、方法：means , way , method (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. ); take measures to do sth.

目的：purpose , aim , goal 积极和消极：positive ,negative; optimistic

建议： advice [u] , suggestion , tip 概括、总结: summary , conclusion

特点： feature , characteristic 种类：kind , type , category , class

精神上与身体上：mentally ，physically 影响 : influence , impact , effect (on )

情形 ，状况 : situation，condition 建立：build , create , establish , found

出现：appear ,occur(red) 实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish

必要，必需 : must /necessity 方面，项目条款：item / aspect

材料 : materials 知识消息：knowledge / information

日程计划 : schedule / agenda 百分比：percentage

性别 :sex 年龄 : age

满意 :satisfaction 忧虑，担忧，焦急 : concern

(不)熟悉 :familiar /unfamiliar 个人，个人的: individual

细节 :description , detail 文化 : culture

责任 : (take) responsibility 贡献 : (make) contributions to

重要 : value importance significance 比较 : contrast comparison

时期 : period / time 存在 : existence exist

花费 : cost / expense 人口 : population

天气与气候 : weather[u] / climate [c] 位置 : location

主题 : theme 背景 : setting，background

情节 : plot 高潮 : climax

结尾 :ending 反对者与支持者：supporter , opponent

转换类常用句型：

1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades

2. take advantage of = make use of

3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents

4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with

5. consider … = take … into consideration / account

6. at the beginning = at first

7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for

8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history

9. Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans have been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job. / searching /looking for a better job.

10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing

11. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively

12. encourage participation in quiet activities = encourage children to participate in / take part in/ play a role in quite activities

13. be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones

14.valuable information = information of great value

15.understand clearly = have a clear understanding of sth.

16.affect = have an effect / influence / impact on sth.

17.matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference

18. kills sb. = sth. costs sb. sth. = claim one’s life

19. make an apology = apologize to sb.

20.be over = end = put …to an end

21.despite = in spite of

22. share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up

23.online = on the Internet

24.learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens

25.list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at

26.explain sth. = make an explanation

27.offer sth. to sb. = provide / supply sth. for sb.

28.besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from

29. be better than = be superior to

30. approve of = subscribe to = be in favor / support of = favor sth.

31.have access to = be acceptable / accessible / available to

32.stop = quit = give up

33.compensate for = make up for

34.in part = partly

35.every year = yearly = annually

36.use up = run out of (主动)

37.run out = give out = be used up (被动)

38.be accused of = be charged with

39.most of the people = the majority of the people

40.cater to /for one’s needs / demands /requirements = satisfy / meet one’s ….

41.starve to death = die of hunger/ starvation

42.be tired out = be worn out = be exhausted = be weary

43.socially responsible = social responsibility

44.sth. benefit sb. = be beneficial to sb. = be of benefit to = sb. benefit from sth .

45.commit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.

46.make full use of = make the most of

大概符合你的意思吧，给分哦！！